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Nilgiri Marble Tree
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Nilgiri Marble Tree
E Native Photo: S. Jeevith
Common name: Nilgiri Marble Tree • Kannada: Nari Bikki, Kal Bikki • Malayalam: Shirukodala, Pungeri, Kalrudraksham, Punkara, Pungari • Tamil: Rudraksham
Botanical name: Elaeocarpus munroii    Family: Elaeocarpaceae (Rudraksh family)

Nilgiri Marble Tree is a tree up to 20 m tall, with bark dark grey, smooth; branchlets sympodial, slender. Leaves are simple, alternate, clustered at the tip of branchlets; stipules free, lateral, falling off. Leaf-stalk is 2.5-5 cm, very slender, hairless, slightly swollen at tip and base. Leaves are 4-10 x 1.7-5 cm, ovate or ovate-lanceshaped, base round or blunt, tip tapering or tip falling off, margin rounded toothed or sawtoothed, curled, hairless, papery, nerve axils glandular beneath; lateral nerves 3-6 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae netveined, slender, prominent. Flowers are bisexual, white, in short drooping in leaf-axils racemes; sepals 5, 8 mm long, lanceshaped, thinly woolly; petals 5, white with reddish lines at base, ovate-lanceshaped, laciniate, densely silky on both sides, inserted round the base of glandular disc; stamens numerous, inserted between the glands on the disc; anthers awned with long bristle; ovary densely superior, silky hairy, placed on the torus, 2-celled, ovules 2 in each cell; style subulate, entire. Fruit is a drupe, blue, oblong, round, hairless, glaucous; stone 1-2 seeded. Nilgiri Marble Tree is endemic to the Western Ghats - South and Central Sahyadris. Flowering: September-April.

Identification credit: S. Jeevith Photographed in the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu.

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